Yearlings purchased from a fall auction are on a fast track. Shortly after they arrive at their new homes, they are introduced to the bridle, saddle pad, and surcingle. The surcingle is an elastic strap designed to apply pressure similar to a girth strap. Once the yearling has been tacked up, he is encouraged to walk around in the stall.
The process of tacking up the yearling and moving him around the stall will continue daily for a least one week. Once the horse is comfortable moving around while being tacked the next step is to introduce weight over its back.
Typically a person lays over on top of the saddle while the horse is held in the stall. By laying across the seat, a person can safely slide off the young horses back at the first sign of trouble. After a horse completes the above steps, he is ridden in a round pen.
Once he masters this, he can be ridden in a small paddock and then move on to pasture. If all goes well to this point, the yearling will be asked to jog short distances and get used to the training track. At the training track, the young horse will be exposed to a pony horse and starting gates.
Gates training at this age usually involves walking through open gates. It is a way to familiarize the yearling with the apparatus. Eventually, he will enter, and the gates closed in front of him, and when they open, he walks through. It is not until after a horse turns two that they will break from the gates. Horses are individuals, and the pace of training depends on how fast they progress through each step.
Some horses grow faster and take to training quicker. Because the majority of racehorses are young, it makes me wonder how much age effects the outcome of a race. Age is critical in horse racing. When older horses race against younger horses, there is a weight allowance for horses three and under. The weight is added because four and five-year-old horses typically outmatch younger horses.
A study was conducted of racehorses by the Journal of Equine Science to determine at what age racehorse runs its fastest. The researchers concluded that racehorses hit their peak at 4. Depending on the track, purses are divided among the owners of the first four or five finishers. Tracks in some states even pay a percent to every horse in the race. It is nearly universal that the winner gets 60 percent, while the runner up, third-, fourth- and fifth-place finishers might get 20, 11, six and three percent.
Owners also pay the jockey and trainer a portion of the purse money that they win, often 10 percent. Most people know horses wear a bridle and bit so the rider can control a horse, but there are a variety of other tools a trainer can use to set a horse up for success. Just like humans, some horses are better distance runners and some are better at sprinting. Tracks run races for sprinters and routers, and since most tracks are a mile or more in circumference, a six furlong sprint race must start on the back of the track.
A furlong is one-eighth mile, so a six furlong race is three-quarters of a mile. With a lot of hard work! While there is no formal education required to become a trainer or jockey, both must take exams in order to be licensed in a given state. Trainers have a variety of education levels and degrees, and they often start out working at the track at a lower level — whether that is as a groom, foreman, or assistant trainer.
Jockeys also have a range of education and degrees, and some start out as exercise riders, riding horses during morning training hours. You can spend as much - or as little - as you want to buy a Thoroughbred racehorse. At public auction, horses have sold for millions of dollars and for a few hundred. Horses sold privately in a transaction between buyer and seller only have also sold for a wide variety of prices.
Owners also must pay for veterinary services, transportation costs, and various other expenses, plus a portion of purse money won goes to the trainer and jockey. When racing ends at one track, horses often continue racing at the next track.
Some horses are given a vacation for the winter or when racing ends at their preferred track. Horses eat grass or hay, which is dried grass or legumes.
Racehorses and other working horses require extra energy that comes in the form of grain added to their diet. Horses also enjoy treats like carrots, apple slices, and peppermints.
Top-level horses may race once a month or less, while lower-level horses run once every couple of weeks. This makes sense because there are many more low-level horses and as a result there are more races for those horses, while the best horses have to wait for a race suited to top-level horses.
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