This is a complex decision that should be discussed with your doctor. For more information, please see the ASRM booklet Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy and fact sheet What do I need to know about conceiving after tubal surgery? Laparoscopy can also determine if tubes are open, using a procedure called chromopertubation.
An alternative procedure to evaluate tubal patency is a sonohysterosalpingogram SHG. For SHG, a catheter narrow tube is placed in the uterus through the vagina and saline and air are injected. In women who have open fallopian tubes, tiny air bubbles may be seen going through the fallopian tubes during the ultrasound. However, this procedure is inferior to HSG for assessment of tubal patency. If your tubes are blocked, you may experience discomfort when dye is injected.
Tell your doctor right away if you begin to become uncomfortable. After injecting the dye, your doctor will take the x-rays. For each x-ray picture you'll be asked to hold your breath for a moment or two. You may be asked to change your position.
For example, you may be asked to lie on your side. You may feel uncomfortable with the speculum inside and the x-ray over you. Your doctor understands.
Ask for help if you need it. Once the doctor has decided that the pictures are satisfactory, the x-ray machine will be lifted up and the speculum removed. You're free to go home. The test can be nerve-wracking, with this big x-ray machine hovering over you while you're lying on your back, legs apart, with the speculum inside. The nurse or doctor may ask you to roll over to your side for an x-ray or two, and you have to do it with the speculum still between your legs.
In most women, the dye painlessly passes through the uterus, through the fallopian tubes , and out into the abdominal cavity. However, if your tubes are blocked, the dye can cause pressure. This is what can then lead to substantial discomfort or even pain. The good news is that if you do feel intense pain, it shouldn't last for more than a minute.
During the test, if you feel pain, tell your doctor right away. They can quickly remove the catheter, which will release the pressure and should eliminate your pain.
Most doctors recommend taking ibuprofen an hour before the HSG. This can reduce mild cramping during the test. Anxiety and fear about the test can increase your perception of pain. You may experience mild cramps and light spotting.
You'll be able to resume regular activity after the test. Some doctors may tell you to refrain from sexual intercourse for a few days after the test.
While mild cramps are normal, if your discomfort seems to be increasing after the test or you develop a fever, contact your doctor. There is a rare risk of infection following an HSG. Increasing pain may be a sign of infection. Increasing pain may hint that an infection is brewing. After your test, your provider will deliver your test results. The HSG helps the doctor check out two important factors:.
If the x-ray shows a normal uterine shape, and the injected dye spills freely out from the ends of the fallopian tube, then the test results are considered normal. This doesn't, however, mean your fertility is normal. It just means whatever may be wrong wasn't seen on the HSG. Hormonal-based causes of infertility will not be seen on an HSG. Not all uterine based fertility problems can be visualized with an HSG. In other words, the HSG showed a normal uterine shape, but a hysteroscopy showed abnormalities.
Hysterosalpingography, or HSG, is an X-ray test to outline the internal shape of the uterus and show whether the fallopian tubes are blocked. In HSG, a thin tube is threaded through the vagina and cervix. A substance known as contrast material is injected into the uterus. A series of X-rays, or fluoroscopy, follows the dye, which appears white on X-ray, as it moves into the uterus and then into the tubes. If there is an abnormality in the shape of the uterus, it will be outlined.
If the tube is open, the dye gradually fills it. The dye spills into the pelvic cavity, where the body resorbs it. There is a problem with information submitted for this request. Sign up for free, and stay up-to-date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID, plus expert advice on managing your health. Error Email field is required.
Other instruments can be used to perform surgery. Sonohysterography : A procedure in which sterile fluid is injected into the uterus through the cervix while ultrasound images are taken of the inside of the uterus. Uterus : A muscular organ located in the female pelvis that contains and nourishes the developing fetus during pregnancy. Copyright by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. All rights reserved. Read copyright and permissions information. This information is designed as an educational aid for the public.
It offers current information and opinions related to women's health. It is not intended as a statement of the standard of care. It does not explain all of the proper treatments or methods of care.
It is not a substitute for the advice of a physician. HSG is not done if a woman has any of the following conditions: Pregnancy Pelvic infection Heavy uterine bleeding at the time of the procedure. The procedure is performed as follows: You will be asked to lie on your back with your feet placed as for a pelvic exam.
The fluid may cause cramping. If the tubes are blocked, the fluid will cause them to stretch. After the images are made, the cannula or tube is removed. You also may have the following symptoms: Slight vaginal bleeding Cramps Feeling dizzy, faint, or sick to your stomach.
Call your health care provider if you have any of these symptoms: Foul-smelling vaginal discharge Vomiting Fainting Severe abdominal pain or cramping Heavy vaginal bleeding Fever or chills. There are other procedures that can give your health care provider some of the same information as HSG: Laparoscopy —This surgical procedure requires general anesthesia see the FAQ Laparoscopy.
Local Anesthesia : The use of drugs that prevent pain in a part of the body Sonohysterography : A procedure in which sterile fluid is injected into the uterus through the cervix while ultrasound images are taken of the inside of the uterus.
Sterilization : A permanent method of birth control.
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